The Greek Tragedy
Genre
It is any category
of literature, music or forms of art or entertainment, whether written or
spoken, audio or visual, based on some set of stylistic criteria. Genres are
formed by conventions that change over times as new genres are invented and the
use of old ones are discounted. Genre began as an absolute classification
system for ancient Greek literature. Poetry, prose and performance had a
specific and calculated style that related to the theme of the story.
Three ancient Greek tragedians
Aeschylus: He was an ancient Greek tragedian. He was
also the first whose plays still survive. He was often described as the father
of tragedy.
Sophocles: He was one of three ancient Greek tragedians. The most
famous tragedies of Sophocles feature Oedipus and also Antigone. They are
generally known as the Theban plays.
Euripides: He was a tragedian of classical Athens. He is
identified with theatrical innovations that have profoundly influenced drama
down to modern times.
Canonical gospels
A gospel is an account describing the life, death
and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth. The most widely known examples are the
four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and
John.
Matthew: the gospel of Matthew
is the first book of the New Testament, one of the three synoptic gospels. The
narrative tells how the Messiah, Jesus, rejected by Israel, finally sends the
disciples to preach his Gospel to the whole world.
Mark: is the second book of the New Testament.
It was traditionally thought to be an epitome of Matthew. It tells of the
ministry of Jesus from his baptism by John the Baptist to his death and burial
and the discovery of the empty tomb.
Luke: is the third and the longest of the four
canonical gospels. It tells of the origins, birth, ministry, death,
resurrection and ascension of Jesus Christ.
John: the gospel of
John is the fourth book. John begins with the witness and affirmation of
John the Baptist and concludes with the death, burial, resurrection, and post- resurrection
appearances of Jesus.
Saint Augustine
Augustine
He was an early
Christian theologian and philosopher whose writing influenced the development
of Western Christianity and Western philosophy . He is viewed as one of the
most important Church Fathers in Western Christianity for his writings in the
Patristic Era.
Confessions
It is the name of
an autobiographical work, consisting of 13 books. In the work, Augustine writes about how much he regrets having led
a sinful and immoral life. He discusses his regrets for following the
Manichaean religion and believing in astrology. He writes about Nebridius’s
role in helping to persuade him that astrology was not only incorrect but evil.
Apollonian and Dionysian
In Greek mythology, Apollo and Dionysus
are both sons of Zeus. Apollo is the god of
reason and the rational, while Dionysus is the god of the irrational and chaos.
Greek Medicine: Hippocrates
He was a Greek
physician of the Age of Pericles and is considered one of the most outstanding
figures in the history of medicine. He is referred to as the Father of Western Medicine. He is commonly portrayed
as the paragon of the ancient physician, and credited with coining the
Hippocrates Oath. He is credited with greatly advancing the systematic study of
clinical medicine.
Delphi Greek
It was an important
ancient Greek religious sanctuary sacred to the god of Apollo. Delphi was also considered
the centre of the world, for in Greek mythology Zeus released two eagles, one
to the east and another to the west, and Delphi was the point at which they met
after encircling the world. This fact was represented by the omphalos, a dome-
shaped stone which stood outside Apollo’s temple and which also marked the spot
where Apollo killed the Python.
Pythia
It was the name of
any priestess throughout the history of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi, located
on the slopes of Mount Parnassus, beneath the Castalian Spring.
Prophet
A prophet is an individual who is claimed to have
been connected by the supernatural or the divine, and to speak for them,
serving as an intermediary with humanity, delivering this newfound knowledge
from the supernatural entity to the other people. The message that the prophet
conveys is called a prophecy.
Book discussion
Profound issue on tragedy—What’s the story about in the tragedy? Justice,
suffering, or clashes
Drama festival—Dionysia
It’s
for commemorate Dionysus. It was just two days for drinking wines and dancing
initially. When the festival starts, the Satyrs would come out and sing as the introduce.
Dionysus Theatre
They always set
the fire to represent that the god, Dionysus, is here to watch the performance.
Dithyramb
The dithyramb was
an ancient Greek hymn sung and danced in honor of Dionysus, the god of wine and
fertility. While discussing various kinds of music emotions ''the
birth of Dionysus, called, I think, the dithyramb ''
p.611
Aeschylus’s
Agamemnon is the first play in a trilogy of three linked plays.
Iphigeneia’s death is important because
it anticipates many of the themes of the story.
Iphigeneia
She was the
daughter of King Agamemnon and Queen Clytemnestra, and thus princess Argos.
After offending Artemis, Agamemnon was commanded to kill Iphigeneia as a sacrifice
to allow his ships to sail to Troy. In some versions, Iphigeneia is sacrificed
at Aulis, but in others, she is rescued by Artemis.
Oresteia—Agamemnon
This play details
the homecoming of Agamemnon, King of Argos,
from the Trojan War. Waiting at home for him is his wife, Clytemnestra, who has been planning his murder,
partly as revenge for the sacrifice of their daughter, Iphigenia. Many years later,
their another daughter, Electra, planned to kill Clytemnestra as well due to
revenge for her father. After murdering her mother, Electra was chased by
Furies.
Phrase
be angry with
Additional Supplement
Youth is a state
of mind , not a time of life
Movie
Detachment
Lost Civilization
Ancient Greece—A moment of Excellence
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